摘要

基层治理问题一直以来都是政治学研究的重点，许多学者专家针对基层治理开展了一系列研究,少数民族的村寨治理也是基层治理中不可或缺的一部分，对于少数民族的村寨治理的研究也不再少数，具有一定的研究基础。我国是一个多民族国家，拥有众多少数民族，凉山彝族作为我国的少数民族之一，彝族村寨治理秩序的研究能够丰富少数民族基层治理的内容，更为重要是能够比较清晰了解凉山彝族村寨治理的运行逻辑。

由于民族历史和地位位置等影响，凉山彝族长期处于一种比较传统的社会环境之中，彝族的传统文化保留的相对完整，彝族内部长期运行的治理秩序在彝族传统村寨发挥着巨大的影响力。本课题通过对凉山彝族地区的彝族村寨治理进行研究，以村寨治理为切入点，选择凉山昭觉县的一个传统彝族村寨作为个案研究。运用实地调研法和访谈法，对彝族传统村寨进行深入观察和分析，研究彝族村寨治理秩序的维度及发展现状，以社会秩序理论、治理理论和制度以生活理论作为理论支撑，了解调研地的实际情况、将彝族村寨治理秩序划分为国家建构秩序和彝族自发秩序。主要从彝族内部自发秩序和国家建构秩序的发展历史、运行情况以及发展现状来分析两种秩序在村寨治理过程中的具体演进逻辑；并分析两者在彝族村寨社会运行过程中产生的关系；国家权力逐渐介入彝族村寨社会的方方面面，彝族传统社会秩序不断面临外部秩序的冲击和挑战，两种秩序难免会发生碰撞，造成一定的秩序关系紧张的表现，结合两种秩序在村寨社会中的具体运用，分析其造成秩序紧张的原因；根据村寨的实际生活的需要来调和两者之间的关系，充分发挥两者的优势，结合村寨现实的发展情况对彝族村寨的治理秩序进行有效的重构，以便于村寨的治理获得更好的发展。

关键词：村寨治理；自发秩序；建构秩序

Abstract

Grassroots governance has always been the focus of political research.Many scholars and experts have carried out a series of studies on grass-roots governance.The governance of ethnic minority villages is also an indispensable part of grass-roots governance. China is a multi-ethnic country with numerous ethnic minorities.As one of the ethnic minorities in China,the study on the governance order of Yi villages can enrich the content of grass-roots governance of ethnic minorities, and more importantly, it can clearly understand the operational logic of governance of Yi villages in Liangshan.

Due to the influence of national history and position,the Yi people of Liangshan have been in a relativelytraditional social environment for a long time, and the traditional culture of the Yi people has been preserved relatively intact. The long-running governance order of the Yi people has exerteda huge influence in the traditional villages of the Yi people. Through the study on the governance of Yi villages in Liangshan Yi region, this topic takes village governance as the starting point and choosesa traditional Yi village in Zhaojue County of Liangshan as the case study. Using the field survey method and interview method,the yi people's traditional villages further observation and analysis,the dimension andthe development status quo of research on yi nationality village governance order, social order theory, governance theory and system in order to life theory as the theoretical support, and understand the research to the actual situation of yi village governance order, be divided into national construction order and yi's spontaneous order. This paper mainly analyzes the specific evolution logic of the two kinds of order in theprocess of village governance from the development history,operation and current situation of the internal spontaneous order and the state constructed order of the Yi nationality. And analyze the relationship between the two in the course of Yi village society; State power gradually step in yi villages all aspects of society,the yi people's traditional social order order of external impact and challenge unceasingly, two order will inevitably collide,causing a certain order of tension performance, combined with the two order in the concrete application in village society,analyze the causes of the order of tension; According to the actual needs of the villages,the relationship between the two should be reconciliated, the advantages of the two should be given full play, and the governance order of the Yi villages should be effectively reconstructed according to the actual development situation of the villages, so as to achieve better development of the governance of the villages.

Key words: village governance；Spontaneous order；Construct order