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| 股权分散对企业绩效的影响——以格力电器为例
摘 要
近年来，中国实施了非流通股改革政策，个人股全面流通后，越来越多的中小投资者将逐步进入股权更加分散的个人股市场。这些变化使上市公司的所有权结构不再像以前那样集中，而是逐渐向分散所有权的方向发展。股权分散意味着许多大股东持有大量的股份，但是实际的投资者持有的个股数量很少。所有权下放对应于所有权集中，这反映了所有权结构的变化。本文主要是对股权分散对企业绩效的影响进行研究分析，以格力电器为例，统计分析其过去几年和最近几年股权集中度情况以及对比两个时间段当中企业绩效的状况，了解格力电器股权分散之后企业绩效发生的变化，分析股权分散在这个过程当中凸显的优势及不足之处，由此强调上市公司建立和形成一个好的股权结构的重要性。并根据从中发现的问题提出建议，以期企业能够稳定健康发展。
关键词：股权结构；股权分散；企业绩效；影响；优势及不足
ABSTRACT
In recent years, China has implemented a policy of reforming non-tradable shares.After individual stocks are fully circulated,more and more small and medium investors will gradually enter the individual stock market with more dispersed equity. These changes make the ownership structure of listed companies no longer centralized as before, but gradually develop in the direction of decentralized ownership. The diversification of equity means that many major shareholders hold a large numberof shares, but the actual number of individual shares held by investors is very small. Decentralization of ownership corresponds to the concentrationof ownership, which reflects changes in the ownership structure. This article is mainly to research and analyze theimpact of equity dispersion on corporate performance. Taking Gree Electric as an example,statistical analysis of its equityconcentration in the past few yearsand recent years,as well as comparing the status of corporate performance in the two time periods, learn about Gree Electric The changes in corporate performance after the equity diversification, analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the equity diversification in this process, and thus emphasize the importance of establishing and forming a good equity structure for listed companies. And put forward suggestions based on the problems found,so that the company can develop steadily and healthily.
Key Words: Ownership structure; equity diversification;corporate performance; impact; the advantages and disadvantages
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