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| 创业型人才特质与行动学习的关系
摘 要
随着我国经济的不断发展，人们生活水平不断的提高，我国的创业环境也在不断完善。就业难和择业难的残酷现实下，越来越多的人开始选择自主创业。创业活动在市场、环境、产品、技术方面都有新的突破，同时也创造了巨大的经济价值。成功的创业活动带动着科技的进步和商业的不断扩展，引起了很多学者的广泛关注。本文主要研究创业型人才特质与行动学习的关系，选取的研究对象为已经参加过行动学习或正在参加行动学习的创业者，创业者主要指企业的创始人、创业伙伴和主要管理者。本文中的研究变量有两大类:自变量和因变量。其中，创业者人格特质为研究的自变量，分为成就需求、风险承担性、内控制源这三个维度；因变量行动学习分为体验搜集、交互反思、系统整合、行动验证四个维度。
在系统回顾创业者人格特质、行动学习相关文献的基础上，提出了研究假设，制作了相关测试量表。在收集完数据后进行信度效度检验，接着对样本数据进行相关分析及线性回归分析，得出主要研究结论:（1）成就需求对行动学习具有正向影响；（2）风险倾向对行动学习具有正向影响；（3）内控制源对行动学习具有正向影响。
基于上述研究结论，主要从个人和组织两个角度出发提出以下建议。个体层面（1）积极参加创业行动学习并了解相关流程；（2）根据实际情况选择合适的学习形式。组织层面:（1）开发创业行动学习相关课程，加强创业教育培训；（2）注重行动学习团队建设，保证小组成员的互补性；（3）根据企业具体情况，选择适合的行动学习方法。
关键词：创业型人才特质；行动学习
Abstract
With the continuous development of China's economy,people's living standards continue to improve, China's entrepreneurial environment is also constantly improved. Under the cruel reality of difficult employment and difficult job choice, more and more people begin to choose to start their own business. Entrepreneurial activities have made new breakthroughs in market,environment, products and technology, and created huge economic value at the same time. Successful entrepreneurial activities drive the progress of science and technology and thecontinuous expansion of business, which has attracted extensive attention of many scholars. This paper mainly studies the relationship betweenentrepreneurial talents' traits and action learning. The selected research objects are entrepreneurs who have participated in action learning or are participating in action learning. Entrepreneurs mainly refer to the founders, business partners and main managers of enterprises.The research variables in this paper fall into two categories: independent variables and dependent variables. Among them, entrepreneur personality is the independent variable of the study,which is divided into three dimensions: achievement demand, risk-taking and internal control source. The dependent variable action learning is divided into four dimensions: experience collection, interactive reflection, system integration and action verification.
Based on the systematic review of the literature on entrepreneur personality traits andaction learning, the research hypothesis is proposed and the relevant test scale is made. After collecting the data, the reliability and validity test was conducted,and then the correlation analysis and linear regression analysis were conducted on the sample data. The main research conclusions were drawn as follows :(1) Achievement needs have a positive impact on action learning;(2) Risk propensity has a positive effect on action learning; (3) Internal control sources have a positive impact on action learning.
Based on the above research conclusions,the following suggestions are put forward from the perspectives of individuals and organizations. (1) Actively participate in entrepreneurial action learning and understand relevantprocesses; (2) Choose the right form of learning according to the actual situation. Organizational level :(1) Develop courses related to entrepreneurship action learning andstrengthen entrepreneurship education and training;(2) Pay attention to the construction of action learning team and ensure the complementarity of team members; (3) According to the specific situation of the enterprise, choose the appropriate action learning method.
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